This study examines the role of traditional Chinese culture in shaping Taiwan's identity and future, applying Robert Redfield’s concepts of "Great Tradition" (elite culture, e.g., Confucian values) and "Little Tradition" (folk practices, e.g., temple festivals). A qualitative approach was used, combining literature reviews, observations, and 30 interviews across three generational cohorts (ages 20–35, 36–55, and 56+).

Findings reveal a generational divide: older participants view traditional ethics and practices as cultural assets, while younger generations often question their relevance in a modern, globalized context. Taiwan’s ongoing de-Sinicization policies, such as reducing classical Chinese content in education, have diminished the visibility of "Great Tradition" elements. However, "Little Tradition" practices like the Mazu Festival and community-centered rituals remain resilient and widely practiced.

This research also explores external challenges, including geopolitical tensions and Western cultural influences, which complicate Taiwan’s efforts to define its cultural core. It posits that Taiwan’s unique blend of heritage and modernity offers a pathway to an identity that balances tradition and innovation. The study emphasizes the importance of nuanced policymaking to preserve traditional cultural while adapting to global trends, suggesting that Taiwan’s future lies in integrating these influences to craft a dynamic and inclusive identity.

Authors:
Qing Di, University of Tuebingen, Germany

About the Presenter(s)
Currently, Dr. Di is an independent scholar in comparative cultural studies and a Taiko performer, with research interests that focus on art and the performing arts.

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